A civilian is someone who is not a member of the military. It can also refer to a lawyer or scholar who studies civil or Roman law.
Civilians are the people who live and work in society, and they are sometimes the target of attacks from armed groups during wartime. They may not fight or carry weapons, but they are often killed or wounded by snipers, mines, and airstrikes. The term civilian is also used to describe non-combatants, such as women, children, the elderly, and sick persons. Civilians are important to society because they provide essential services, including education, healthcare, and water and food security.
The distinction between combatants and civilians is a cornerstone of international humanitarian law and human rights laws. This principle was developed through international treaties, such as the Fourth Geneva Convention. The treaties established that civilians must not be the direct object of attack or an intended target of attack, unless they participate directly in hostilities (i.e., they are engaged in military operations). Civilians are also entitled to certain protections under the rules of humanitarian law.
Transitioning from the military to civilian life can be difficult for service members, especially if they have been active in a conflict zone. Some of the biggest differences include a shift in lifestyle and financial changes. Military life involves making a long-term commitment, which isn’t always possible in the civilian world. In addition, moving is a common part of military life, and civilian jobs don’t usually offer relocation packages. Civilian employment can also have different benefits, such as health insurance and retirement plans.
Many service members have to adjust to the social aspects of civilian life, as well. They might find that their relationships with friends and family have changed. In addition, they might have a hard time dealing with the fact that people who have not served in the military may not understand their experiences and may not be as interested in them.
It’s also a good idea for former service members to take some time to get to know their new neighbors and community. Civilian communities have their own unique culture, so it’s helpful to learn about them before jumping in head first. It’s also a good idea to learn how to speak the local language, as it will help you interact with your new neighbors and community members more effectively.
Finding better ways to protect civilians from the harm of armed conflict has never been more important or relevant. Civilian harm is on the rise in many places, and it’s getting harder for international organizations to deter or stop these violations. This is because governments and non-state armed groups are increasingly limiting access to conflict-affected communities, thereby reducing the space for civilian organizations to fulfil their critical roles in advocacy, community engagement, and mitigating harm. This trend is reflected in both national and international policies, from tactical military directives to overarching human rights treaties.